IUPAC nomenclature of Carboxylic acids

    12.8 IUPAC nomenclature of Carboxylic acids#

    Compound (common name, Structural formula, IUPAC Name)IUPAC Name
    Prefix with position numberRoot usedPrimary suffixSecondary Suffix
    Formic acid

    $\text{HCOOH}$

    methanoicacid    		–methaneoicacid
    Acetic acid

    $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}$

    Ethanoic acid    		–ethaneoicacid
    Isobutyric acid

    $(\text{CH}_3)_2\text{CHCOOH}$

    2 – methylpropanoic acid    		2 – methylpropaneoicacid
    Phenyl acetic acid
    2-phenyl ethanoic acid    		2-phenylethaneoicacid
    Oxalic acid

    $\text{HOOC - COOH}$

    ethane-1, 2 – dioicacid    		–ethane1, 2 –

    dioicacid
    Malonic acid

    $\text{HOOC-CH}_2\text{-COOH}$

    Propane-1,3-dioic acid    		–propane1, 3 –

    dioicacid
    Succinic acid

    $\text{HOOC-(CH}_2)_2\text{-COOH}$

    Butane-1,4-dioic acid    		–butane1, 4 –

    dioicacid
    Glutaric acid

    $\text{HOOC-(CH}_2)_3\text{-COOH}$

    Pentane-1,5-dioic acid    		–pentane1,5 –

    dioicacid
    Adipic acid

    $\text{HOOC-(CH}_2)_4\text{-COOH}$

    Hexane-1,6-dioic acid    		–hexane1,6 –

    dioicacid
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